Top 5 Year-End Tax Planning Moves Before 2026: What Businesses & Individuals Should Know

Dec 01, 2025

As we approach the end of the year—and as major tax law changes begin to take effect—it’s critical for both businesses and individuals to take stock of evolving tax provisions. The recent updates from the 119th Congress, as detailed in William Vaughan Company’s 2025 Year-End Tax Planning Webinar, contain significant opportunities and pitfalls. Smart planning now can unlock growth, mitigate risks, and ensure you’re maximizing every available benefit.

Below, we break down the top 5 tax planning considerations you should address before 2026:

1. Leverage Bonus Depreciation and Expensing Changes – for businesses:

  • Immediate expensing is available for property with a class life of 20 years or less, placed in service after January 19, 2025.
  • Qualified Production Property: Eligible manufacturers who place qualifying real property in service between July 4, 2025 and December 31, 2030, may benefit from accelerated depreciation on this property. This property must meet several specific requirements in order to qualify.
  • State Tax Considerations: For certain states (Michigan in particular), Individuals and flow-through entities must use IRC rules as of 12/31/24 for bonus depreciation, which continues the planned phase-outs and limitations as outlined in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

Action Step: Review capital expenditure plans now. Accelerate purchases or construction to maximize deductions under the current, more favorable rules.

2. Prepare for Beneficial Changes to Interest Expense Limitations
What’s changing:

  • Starting January 1, 2025, businesses subject to Section 163(j) interest expense limitations can calculate their amount of limited interest expense based on their EBITDA. Previously, Depreciation & Amortization could not be added back in this calculation, which resulted in less allowed interest expense.
  • Starting January 1, 2026 any interest capitalized as additional tax basis to an asset must be broken out of that assets depreciation and subjected to the 163(j) limitations as if it were not part of depreciation.
  • Michigan businesses: Recent decoupling from federal rules means separate treatment for business interest deductions.

Action Step: Conduct a Section 163(j) analysis to determine if upcoming changes in the limitations will impact your financing structure or projected taxable income.

3. Understand and Optimize Research & Experimental Expenditures (Section 174)
Significant changes to Section 174, governing Research and Experimental (R&E) expenditures, have a direct impact on businesses engaged in innovation, product development, or process improvement. Here’s what you need to know:

Recent Legislative Updates

  • Pre-2022: Businesses could elect to deduct R&E expenses in the year incurred.
  • 2022–2024: R&E costs had to be capitalized and amortized (generally over five years for domestic and fifteen years for foreign expenditures).
  • Post-2024 (Starting in 2025): Businesses may once again elect to deduct R&E expenses in the year incurred (except foreign expenses, which remain subject to 15-year amortization)

Strategic Planning Opportunities

  • Previously Amortized Costs Going Forward:
    • For 2025, all businesses can elect to expense all prior years unamortized R&E costs in the current year or choose to expense half in 2025 and the remaining half in 2026.
    • If your business has less than $31 million in gross sales on average over the last 3 years, the new law allows for amending prior returns. I.e. you may go back and expense R&E costs in the year they were incurred and claim refunds. The deadline to amend these returns is generally by July 6, 2026, a much shorter timeframe than typically allowed for amendments.
  • Michigan Decoupling:
    • The state now decouples from federal rules on Section 174A (R&E expenses), in addition to Section 163(j), Section 179, and bonus depreciation provisions (Sections 168(n) & 168(k)), after Michigan’s latest budget package passed (H.B. 4961, signed 10/7/25).

Action Steps for Businesses

  • Review your current and planned R&E activities.
    • Evaluate whether you should accelerate R&E spending into 2025 to maximize immediate deductions.
    • Determine if you are eligible to amend prior year returns and evaluate whether you should do so, in order to meet the fast-approaching deadline.
    • Coordinate with tax advisors to track eligible expenditures and ensure compliance with both federal and state rules.
  • Individuals & Flow-Through Entities:
    • Between section 174A, 163(j) and 168(k) taxable income may be down in 2025 compared to prior years. If you are an S-Corporation, be sure to consider your stock basis and the deductibility of losses when making key decisions for 2025.
    • Also consider making a Roth conversion to take advantage of lower tax brackets if income is lower due to 2025 tax law changes.

4. Maximize Individual Deductions and Credits Before Phase-outs
Standard deduction increases (effective 2025):

  • Single: $15,750
  • Married Filing Jointly: $31,500
  • Additional $6,000 for taxpayers 65+ (phase-outs apply).

Other highlights:

  • State and Local Tax (SALT) cap: $40,000 for 2025-2029, then drops to $10,000 in 2030 (phase-outs apply).
  • Mortgage insurance premiums: Deductible from 2026.
  • Charitable deduction for non-itemizers: Up to $2,000 for joint filers from 2026.
  • Child Tax Credit: Increased and inflation-adjusted.
  • Charitable donations for itemizers: Deductions will be limited for taxpayers in the maximum tax bracket of 37% at 35%. Donations will also be subject to a floor of 0.5% of the taxpayers taxable income beginning in 2026.

Action Step: Bunch deductions: Consider timing charitable giving, SALT payments, and other deductions to optimize their tax impact before stricter caps and limitations set in. Consider making large doner advised fund (DAF) donations in 2025 to take advantage of the deductions before the new limitations take effect.

5. Estate & Gift Tax Planning

  • Exemption increases to $15M in 2026 (from $13.99M in 2025).
  • Annual gifting limit: $19,000 in 2025, inflation-adjusted for 2026.
  • Portability remains for spouses.

Action Step: Review your estate plan: High-net-worth individuals should review gifting strategies and trusts now that we have some certainty in the annual and lifetime limits.

Why Proactive Planning Matters
With so many provisions phasing in and out, proactive tax planning is essential. The coming years will see the continuance of many prominent TCJA provisions, new deductions, and complex interactions between federal and state rules. William Vaughan Company is here to help you navigate these changes, optimize your tax position, and ensure compliance.

Connect with Us.
Ruben Becerra, CPA – ruben.becerra@wvco.com
Chad Gates, CPA – chad.gates@wvco.com

Categories: Tax Planning

Before the Deal: An Introduction to Due Diligence

Mar 24, 2025

Understanding Buy-Side and Sell-Side Due Diligence

Buying or selling a business is a highly intricate process that requires strategic foresight and rigorous analysis. Whether operating on the buy-side or sell-side, conducting comprehensive due diligence is the cornerstone of deal success, mitigating exposure to financial, operational, and legal risks.

What is due diligence?
Due diligence is an investigative process designed to validate and assess all material aspects of a potential transaction. It involves a deep dive into financial, legal, operational, technological, and commercial factors to ensure a well-informed decision-making process. Due diligence highlights considerations by providing an investigative lens that ultimately protects the buyer and the seller from potential pitfalls, safeguarding against unforeseen liabilities and value erosion.

Basics of Buy-Side Due Diligence
On the buy-side of a transaction, ensuring that a potential target is a solid investment and aligns with your business’s overarching goals is paramount. Therefore, the primary focus of buy-side due diligence is to verify the accuracy and integrity of the seller’s financial disclosures while identifying potential red flags. Key areas of review include:

  • Quality of Earnings (QoE): Assessing revenue sustainability, EBITDA adjustments, and non-recurring expenses to gauge true earnings power.
  • Cash Flow Analysis: Examining historical and projected free cash flow to ensure liquidity adequacy and debt serviceability.
  • Balance Sheet Strength: Evaluating working capital efficiency, asset quality, contingent liabilities, and off-balance sheet exposures.
  • Legal & Compliance Risks: Identifying potential litigation, contractual obligations, and regulatory concerns that could impact post-transaction integration.

While audited financial statements provide a fundamental baseline, they often fail to capture operational synergies, market positioning, and cultural fit – making an integrated due diligence approach essential.

Basics of Sell-Side Due Diligence
For sellers, a proactive due diligence strategy enhances deal certainty and strengthens negotiating leverage. The goal is to preemptively identify and address areas of concern that could derail valuation or delay closing. Sell-side due diligence entails:

  • Financial Statement Readiness: Ensuring GAAP/IFRS compliance, reconciling discrepancies, and preparing robust financial models to withstand buyer scrutiny.
  • Legal and Regulatory Preparedness: Resolving outstanding liabilities, clarifying ownership structures, and securing necessary approvals to expedite deal execution.
  • Commercial Positioning: Validating customer contracts, market share stability, and competitive differentiation to justify premium valuations.

By conducting due diligence preemptively, sellers can bolster buyer confidence, minimize post-LOI renegotiations, and drive a more efficient closing timeline.

Making Informed Decisions
Regardless of deal positioning, due diligence is a critical component of transactional success. Whether assessing an acquisition target or preparing for a liquidity event, the process is inherently resource-intensive and demands meticulous planning. Engaging a third-party advisory firm can provide an independent, data-driven perspective, enhance deal certainty, and optimize transaction outcomes.

Connect With Us.

Patrick Mannion, Managing Director

Transaction Advisory Service

spatrick.mannion@wvco.com

Categories: M&A

Social Security Retroactive Payments: What You Need To Know

Mar 07, 2025

In January, President Biden signed into law the Social Security Fairness Act, significantly increasing benefits for nearly 3 million former public employees in the United States through Social Security retroactive payments.

This week the Social Security Administration (SSA) announced that back payments have been sent to over 1.1 million beneficiaries. These payments reflect the retroactive benefits owed to retirees, spouses, and surviving spouses due to the elimination of the Government Pension Offset (GPO) and Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP).

How This May Impact You:

  • Retroactive Payments: As of March 4, over $7.5 billion in retroactive payments have been distributed to 1,127,723 individuals.
  • Monthly Increases: Starting in April, beneficiaries will notice an increase in their monthly payments, corresponding to higher benefits for March.

Next Steps:

Beneficiaries can visit SSA’s dedicated website to learn more about the Fairness Act and see updates on the agency’s progress. The SSA is expected to release more details soon.

For any assistance or further inquiries regarding the Social Security retroactive payments, please do not hesitate to contact our team. We are here to help you navigate these changes and understand how they impact your benefits.

Categories: Other Resources

UPDATED 12/27/24 – BOI Reporting Requirements Reinstated – Earliest Filing Deadline Now January 13, 2025

Dec 27, 2024

UPDATE 12/27/2024: BOI Whiplash? Fifth Circuit Reverses Course, Blocks BOI Reporting in reversal decision, read the full NFIB article here!

On December 23, 2024, a federal court of appeals lifted the injunction on the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). Effective immediately, the Act’s BOI reporting requirements are reinstated.

In response to the court’s ruling, FinCEN has recognized the need for additional time to comply, therefore granting a 12-day extension so that most BOI filings are now due by January 13, 2025.

FINCEN issued the following alert:

In light of a December 23, 2024, federal Court of Appeals decision, reporting companies, except as indicated below, are once again required to file beneficial ownership information with FinCEN. However, because the Department of the Treasury recognizes that reporting companies may need additional time to comply given the period when the preliminary injunction had been in effect, we have extended the reporting deadline as follows:

  • Reporting companies that were created or registered prior to January 1, 2024 have until January 13, 2025 to file their initial beneficial ownership information reports with FinCEN. (These companies would otherwise have been required to report by January 1, 2025.)
  • Reporting companies created or registered in the United States on or after September 4, 2024 that had a filing deadline between December 3, 2024 and December 23, 2024 have until January 13, 2025 to file their initial beneficial ownership information reports with FinCEN.
  • Reporting companies created or registered in the United States on or after December 3, 2024 and on or before December 23, 2024 have an additional 21 days from their original filing deadline to file their initial beneficial ownership information reports with FinCEN.
  • Reporting companies that qualify for disaster relief may have extended deadlines that fall beyond January 13, 2025. These companies should abide by whichever deadline falls later.
  • Reporting companies that are created or registered in the United States on or after January 1, 2025 have 30 days to file their initial beneficial ownership information reports with FinCEN after receiving actual or public notice that their creation or registration is effective.
  • As indicated in the alert titled “Notice Regarding National Small Business United v. Yellen, No. 5:22-cv-01448 (N.D. Ala.)”, Plaintiffs in National Small Business United v. Yellen, No. 5:22-cv-01448 (N.D. Ala.)—namely, Isaac Winkles, reporting companies for which Isaac Winkles is the beneficial owner or applicant, the National Small Business Association, and members of the National Small Business Association (as of March 1, 2024)—are not currently required to report their beneficial ownership information to FinCEN at this time.

For general information regarding the CTA and BOI reporting requirements being reinstated, please refer to William Vaughan Company’s BOI Insights & Resource Hub.

Categories: Tax Compliance

What the Recent Injunction Against the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) Means for Your Business

Dec 05, 2024

On Tuesday, a federal court in Texas issued a nationwide injunction prohibiting the enforcement of the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). The CTA, which was set to require an estimated 32.5 million companies in the U.S. to report sensitive information about their beneficial owners (BOI) to FinCEN by January 1, 2025, is now on hold due to constitutional concerns.

What Does This Mean for You?

The court’s decision means that companies are no longer obligated to meet the January 1, 2025, BOI reporting deadline or comply with related CTA requirements. While this provides immediate relief, the ruling is not necessarily final. The federal government is expected to appeal, and higher courts, including the Supreme Court, may weigh in.

For now, the CTA’s enforcement is paused. However, the broader legal battle is likely to continue, and the final outcome remains uncertain.

Our Recommendation

We advise clients to remain proactive:

  • Continue Gathering Information: If your business falls under the CTA’s reporting requirements, we recommend you gather the necessary BOI information. Preparing now will help ensure compliance should the injunction be lifted or the requirements reinstated. Check out our BOI Insights & Resource Hub for details.
  • Stay Informed: Legal and regulatory landscapes can shift quickly. We will continue to monitor developments closely and provide updates as the situation evolves.
  • Be Ready to File: While enforcement is currently halted, the best course of action is to be prepared to submit your BOI report promptly if needed.

The implications of the Corporate Transparency Act injunction go beyond compliance and touch on broader concerns about federal authority and privacy. Rest assured, we are here to guide you through these changes and keep you informed. If you have questions or need assistance navigating these requirements, please get in touch with a member of our BOI reporting team at wvco.com/contact-us.

Categories: Tax Compliance

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